All vehicles, which run on road, will need an exhaust pipe for letting out the burnt gases from the engine. For effective running of engine, exhaust system or tubing is necessary. The capacity of the engine can be increased by making use of cylinder head or a converter. Even in a motorbike, you have a silencer which helps in letting out the burnt gases from the engine. The element of muffler is widely used for operating the machine in a factory or for driving a bike or car. The exhaust for diesel usually flows through any of the let-out pipes meant for discharging it. The overall power of the engine can be effectively improved by using proper turbocharger for the truck or lorry.
The engine of a vehicle operates by sucking in the atmospheric air through suction pipe and combining it with diesel or petrol. The engine usually runs on great speed and when it gets heated, it emits out the gas at high velocity. If such gases are let out for free, it would produce a huge noise. So, it is necessary to use exhaust pipe for letting out the gases silently. This feature which helps in emission of harmful gases safely is known as silencer and it is vital for smooth running of any engine. The gas may pass out from turbocharger, silencer, or muffler which reduces the noise of the gas sent out. The silencer pipe is normally covered with a metal sheath for preventing you from getting burnt. In case you accidentally touch the silencer soon after the vehicle has stopped, you may burn your hands. It is necessary to design the exhaust pipe with extreme care so that it does not cause any harm to the user.
The vertical end of the pipe is usually bent a little so that it would prevent rain water getting inside the engine through the pipe. You should buy the exhaust system from the reliable company so that it facilitates smooth running of the engine. You should never compromise with quality and performance of the engine while selecting any of its accessories. You can select free flow exhaust system which reduces the back pressure and resistance apart from letting out the gases smoothly. The emission of the gas is assured without any interruption it would automatically increase the mileage of the vehicle. In other words exhaust for diesel is absolutely necessary for the performance of the engine and for reduced fuel consumption. When you are on road ensure that your vehicle is well protected with complete accessories so that it makes your driving a pleasurable experience.

First, let's answer the question; Why should you change your own oil? Because you can save time and money. You don't have to wait in line at the service garage or quick oil change shop. For ten bucks you can get the best oil and a brand new oil filter. And, it's so easy to do that you could train a monkey to do it.Changing your cars motor oil is a very simple three-step process: 1. Drain the old oil. 2. Replace the oil filter. 3. Add the new oil. But before we go through the steps, lets answer a few basic questions.When should I change my oil?Look in your cars owners manual. Most auto manufacturers recommend changing the motor oil every 6,000 miles for normal service, or every 3,000 miles for severe service. I change my oil every 6,000 miles, and my engines run like new when I trade my vehicles in with well over 100,000 miles on them. One thing that I do is change a new cars oil after the first 300 mile break-in period. Then, after that, I change the oil every 6,000 miles.What kind of oil should I use?You are not going to save money by using an off-brand oil because your engine will wear out sooner. Use oil that meets the American Pertroleum Institute (API) classification SL. I use Valvoline, Quaker State, Pennzoil, or Havoline brand oil. These quality oils contain additives that make them work better and longer.If you are changing your oil just before winter, use SAE 10W30 weight oil. This number means the oil will have a thin 10 weight viscosity when the engine is cold, helping the engine to start easier, and then the oil will thicken to 30 weight viscosity when the engine warms up, protecting the engine better. If you are changing oil just before summer, use SAE 10W40 weight oil. The extra 40 weight viscosity will protect your engine better when it's hot.What's the First Step?First let your engine cool off. Modern engines run at close to 300 degrees (F) and hot oil will definitely give you a severe burn. You shouldn't have to jack your car up unless you have some kind of ground hugging sports car or low rider. Almost all cars have enough space underneath to reach under and change the engine oil.Step 1: Drain the old oil.Locate the oil drain plug and place a pan under it to catch the oil. With a box wrench, remove the oil plug.Note for newbies: To remove the drain plug, turn it counter-clockwise.- If you have a GM dual-overhead-cam EcoTec engine you may have a difficult time locating the drain plug on all that aluminum.When the oil stops draining, reinstall the drain plug.Note for newbies: To replace the drain plug turn it clockwise. Start the plug with your fingers. If it seems even slightly hard to turn, back it out! You are crossing the threads.Step 2. Replace the oil filter.Move your oil catch pan under the oil filter. Using an oil filter wrench to get it started, remove the oil filter. (newbies: counter-clockwise, and you will get some oil on your hand.)- A strap type oil filter wrench is the best kind to use. A socket type oil filter tool is used with a ratchet just like a regular socket. The problem with the socket type is that it tends to get stuck on the filter. Use the socket type tool if you don't have enough clearance around the oil filter to use the strap type.With your finger put a thin coat of oil on the new filter's gasket to make it seal better.*! Now pay attention - here's were you can screw up royal!With your hand, install the new oil filter. If it seems even slightly hard to turn, back it out! You are crossing the threads. Most filters have an instruction printed on them to give the filter one more turn after the gasket has made contact.Here's what I recommend: screw the filter on until its "hand tight". Then use the oil filter wrench to snug it up another 1/8 to 1/4 turn. This is critical!When the vehicle is running, the oil pump puts the oil under pressure. If you don't install the oil filter tight enough, the oil will come gushing out. If that happens shut down the engine immediately! Without oil, an engine will lock up within seconds.The first time I changed my oil, I used the filter wrench to tighten the filter as tight as I could get it. Wrong! The next time I went to change my oil, I couldn't get the filter off. Luckily I had plenty of room around the filer, so I hammered a screw driver through the body of the filter and used the handle of the screw driver to turn the filter off.Warning! Don't over-tighten the filter. Follow the instructions above carefully!- The GM dual-overhead-cam EcoTec engine has an unusual oil filter located on top of the engine. Remove the engine air intake hose. That's the oil filter canister just to the right of, and below, the end of the open air intake tube. Use a proper size wrench to remove the canister lid. This engine uses a special filter cartridge.Step 3. Add the new oil.Locate the oil filler cap on the valve cover. I've seen newbies pour motor oil in everything from the master brake cylinder to the radiator cap. Make sure you have located the the oil filler cap. Remove the oil filler cap.When pouring the oil, you would be wise to use a funnel between the oil can and the valve cover oil filler hole.How much oil should you add? Look in your cars owner manual. Most engines have a capacity of four or five quarts. Don't overfill the crank case. When you run the engine the extra oil will be blown out through the PCV value, possibly stalling your engine.Tip: If you don't know the oil capacity of the engine, add four quarts, then check the oil level, if it's a quart low add another quart.Replace the oil filler cap.Step 4. Start the Engine.Yes, I know, I said there where only three steps. You're finished, this is not really a "step".Start the engine and make sure the oil warning light goes off. Look under the vehicle to make sure oil is not leaking out. Turn off the engine and let it set for a minute to let the oil drain down to the crank case. Then use the dip stick to check the oil level.How to check the oil level: Remove the dip stick, wipe it clean with a rag, reinstall the dip stick. Make sure the dip stick is in all the way or you will get a false reading. After a few seconds remove the dip stick and examine how far up the stick is covered with oil. Most dip sticks have a "full" mark printed on them.Note: I find the best way to dispose of the old oil is to use a funnel to pore it from the collection pan into the bottles from which the new oil came. When I get a big pile of used oil bottles I bring them to the oil recycling center. Be sure to mark the used oil bottles so you don't accidentally think they are new oil.Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/9132

Internal combustion engines are made from various parts.Each part has its own location and function for proper working of engine.Some important parts and its function is as described below. It is most essential to know right information from engineering person.01) Cylinder BlockFunction- In the bore of cylinder the fresh charge of air-fuel mixture is ignited,compressed by piston and expanded to give power to piston.02) Cylinder HeadFunction-It carries inlet and exhaust valve.Fresh charge is admitted through inlet valve and burnt gases are exhausted from exhaust valve.In case of petrol engine,a spark plug and in case of diesel engine,a injector is also mounted on cylinder head.03) PistonFunction-During suction stroke,it sucks the fresh charge of air-fuel mixture through inlet valve and compresses during the compression stroke inside the cylinder.This way piston receives power from the expanding gases after ignition in cylinder.Also forces the burnt exhaust gases out of the cylinder through exhaust valve.04) Piston RingsFunction-It prevents the compressed charge of fuel-air mixture from leaking to the other side of the piston.Oil rings,is used for removing lubricating oil from the cylinder after lubrication.This ring prevents the excess oil to mix with charge.05) Connecting RodFunction-It changes the reciprocating motion of piston into rotary motion at crankshaft.This way connecting rod transmits the power produced at piston to crankshaft.06) Gudgeon PinFunction-Connects the piston with small end of connecting rod.07) Crank PinFunction-hand over the power and motion to the crank shaft which come from piston through connecting rod.08) Crank ShaftFunction-Receives oscillating motion from connecting rod and gives a rotary motion to the main shaft.It also drives the camshaft which actuate the valves of the engine.09) Cam ShaftFunction-It takes driving force from crankshaft through gear train or chain and operates the inlet valve as well as exhaust valve with the help of cam followers,push rod and rocker arms.10) Inlet Valve & Exhaust ValveFunction-Inlet valve allow the fresh charge of air-fuel mixture to enter the cylinder bore.Exhaust valve permits the burnt gases to escape from the cylinder bore at proper timing.11) GovernorFunction-It controls the speed of engine at a different load by regulating fuel supply in diesel engine.In petrol engine,supplying the mixture of air-petrol and controlling the speed at various load condition.12) CarburettorFunction-It converts petrol in fine spray and mixes with air in proper ratio as per requirement of the engine.13) Fuel PumpFunction-This device supply the petrol to the carburettor sucking from the fuel tank.14) Spark PlugFunction-This device is used in petrol engine only and ignite the charge of fuel for combustion.15) Fuel InjectorFunction-This device is used in diesel engine only and delivers fuel in fine spray under pressure.I hope,above information will help you something about your vehicle's engine.